In a transformer, what happens to current when the voltage steps down?

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Prepare for the LADWP Electric Station Operator Test focusing on Circuit Breakers, Disconnects, and Transformers. Study with tailored questions and detailed explanations to enhance your knowledge and boost confidence. Ace your exam!

Multiple Choice

In a transformer, what happens to current when the voltage steps down?

Explanation:
When a transformer steps voltage down, the current on the output side increases to keep the power roughly the same. Power in equals power out (P = V × I), so if the output voltage V2 is lower than the input voltage V1, then I2 must be higher than I1 (I2 ≈ I1 × N1/N2). For example, cutting voltage by a factor of five means the secondary current must rise by about five times to deliver the same power, within losses. The primary current will adjust downward accordingly to balance the overall power.

When a transformer steps voltage down, the current on the output side increases to keep the power roughly the same. Power in equals power out (P = V × I), so if the output voltage V2 is lower than the input voltage V1, then I2 must be higher than I1 (I2 ≈ I1 × N1/N2). For example, cutting voltage by a factor of five means the secondary current must rise by about five times to deliver the same power, within losses. The primary current will adjust downward accordingly to balance the overall power.

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