______ transformers are used to step down current to a safe value, a maximum of 5 amps.

• A. Current
• B. Potential
• C. Instrument
• D. Distribution

Answer: (A)

Current transformers are used to measure high line currents by producing a much smaller, safe secondary current. They’re wired in series with the circuit so the primary current creates a proportional secondary current according to the turns ratio. This secondary current, typically limited to standard values like 1 A or 5 A, feeds meters and protective relays without exposing equipment or personnel to the full circuit current. The statement about stepping down current to a safe value, up to 5 amps, matches the role of a current transformer. In contrast, a potential transformer lowers voltage, not current, and distribution transformers focus on delivering reduced voltage for loads rather than providing a low-current signal for measurement. Instrument transformers is the broader term that includes both CTs and PTs, but for reducing current to a safe, measurable level, current transformers are the correct choice.